Los solicitantes de naturalización que deban tomar la versión 2020 del examen de educación cívica, porque presentaron su solicitud de naturalización a partir del 1 de diciembre de 2020, deberán estudiar las nuevas 128 preguntas sobre el gobierno y la historia de Estados Unidos.
El Servicio de Inmigración y Ciudadanía (USCIS) administrará la versión 2020 de la prueba de educación cívica y la versión 2008 de la prueba de educación cívica a la vez, durante un período de tiempo determinado, por lo que se se usará una versión u la otra, dependiendo de cuándo presentó su Formulario N-400, Solicitud de naturalización.
La prueba de educación cívica de naturalización tiene dos componentes: una prueba de inglés y una prueba de educación cívica. La prueba en inglés no ha cambiado.
¿Qué examen de educación cívica tomaré?
- Si presentó la solicitud de naturalización antes del 1 de diciembre de 2020: La versión 2008 del examen de educación cívica
- Si presentó la solicitud de naturalización a partir del 1 de diciembre de 2020: La versión 2020 del examen de educación cívica
A continuación se enumeran las 128 preguntas y respuestas de educación cívica para la versión 2020 de la prueba de educación cívica.
La prueba de educación cívica es una prueba oral y el oficial de USCIS le pedirá que responda 20 de las 128 preguntas de la prueba de educación cívica, en inglés. Debe responder al menos 12 preguntas (o el 60%) correctamente para aprobar la versión 2020 del examen de educación cívica.
Recuerde que en el examen de educación cívica, algunas respuestas pueden cambiar debido a elecciones o nombramientos. Visite la página Buscar actualizaciones de la prueba para encontrar las respuestas que puedan haber cambiado. Debe responder la pregunta con el nombre del funcionario en funciones en el momento de su entrevista de naturalización.
Tenga en cuenta que si tiene 65 años o más y ha estado viviendo en los Estados Unidos como residente permanente legal de los Estados Unidos durante 20 años o más, puede estudiar solo las 20 preguntas que se han marcado con un asterisco (*) al final de cada pregunta. También puede realizar el examen de naturalización en el idioma de su elección.
Aquí comienza el cuestionario con las respuestas:
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT
A: Principles of American Government
1. What is the form of government of the United States?
- Republic
- Constitution-based federal republic
- Representative democracy
2. What is the supreme law of the land?*
- (U.S.) Constitution
3. Name one thing the U.S. Constitution does.
- Forms the government
- Defines powers of government
- Defines the parts of government
- Protects the rights of the people
4. The U.S. Constitution starts with the words “We the People.” What does “We the People” mean?
- Self-government
- Popular sovereignty
- Consent of the governed
- People should govern themselves
- (Example of) social contract
5. How are changes made to the U.S. Constitution?
- Amendments
- The amendment process
6. What does the Bill of Rights protect?
- (The basic) rights of Americans
- (The basic) rights of people living in the United States
7. How many amendments does the U.S. Constitution have?*
- Twenty-seven (27)
8. Why is the Declaration of Independence important?
- It says America is free from British control.
- It says all people are created equal.
- It identifies inherent rights.
- It identifies individual freedoms.
9. What founding document said the American colonies were free from Britain?
- Declaration of Independence
10. Name two important ideas from the Declaration of Independence and the U.S. Constitution.
- Equality
- Liberty
- Social contract
- Natural rights
- Limited government
- Self-government
11. The words “Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness” are in what founding document?
- Declaration of Independence
12. What is the economic system of the United States?*
- Capitalism
- Free market economy
13. What is the rule of law?
- Everyone must follow the law.
- Leaders must obey the law.
- Government must obey the law.
- No one is above the law.
14. Many documents influenced the U.S. Constitution. Name one.
- Declaration of Independence
- Articles of Confederation
- Federalist Papers
- Anti-Federalist Papers
- Virginia Declaration of Rights
- Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
- Mayflower Compact
- Iroquois Great Law of Peace
15. There are three branches of government. Why?
- So one part does not become too powerful
- Checks and balances
- Separation of powers
B: System of Government
16. Name the three branches of government.
- Legislative, executive, and judicial
- Congress, president, and the courts
17. The President of the United States is in charge of which branch of government?
- Executive branch
18. What part of the federal government writes laws?
- (U.S.) Congress
- (U.S. or national) legislature
- Legislative branch
19. What are the two parts of the U.S. Congress?
- Senate and House (of Representatives)
20. Name one power of the U.S. Congress.*
- Writes laws
- Declares war
- Makes the federal budget
21. How many U.S. senators are there?
- One hundred (100)
22. How long is a term for a U.S. senator?
- Six (6) years
23. Who is one of your state’s U.S. senators now?
- Answers will vary. [District of Columbia residents and residents of U.S. territories should answer that D.C. (or the territory where the applicant lives) has no U.S. senators.]
24. How many voting members are in the House of Representatives?
- Four hundred thirty-five (435)
25. How long is a term for a member of the House of Representatives?
- Two (2) years
26. Why do U.S. representatives serve shorter terms than U.S. senators?
- To more closely follow public opinion
27. How many senators does each state have?
- Two (2)
28. Why does each state have two senators?
- Equal representation (for small states)
- The Great Compromise (Connecticut Compromise)
29. Name your U.S. representative.
- Answers will vary. [Residents of territories with nonvoting Delegates or Resident Commissioners may provide the name of that Delegate or Commissioner. Also acceptable is any statement that the territory has no (voting) representatives in Congress.]
30. What is the name of the Speaker of the House of Representatives now?*
- Visit uscis.gov/citizenship/testupdates for the name of the Speaker of the House of Representatives.
31. Who does a U.S. senator represent?
- Citizens of their state
32. Who elects U.S. senators?
- Citizens from their state
33. Who does a member of the House of Representatives represent?
- Citizens in their (congressional) district
- Citizens in their district
34. Who elects members of the House of Representatives?
- Citizens from their (congressional) district
35. Some states have more representatives than other states. Why?
- (Because of) the state’s population
- (Because) they have more people
- (Because) some states have more people
36. The President of the United States is elected for how many years?*
- Four (4) years
37. The President of the United States can serve only two terms. Why?
- (Because of) the 22nd Amendment
- To keep the president from becoming too powerful
38. What is the name of the President of the United States now?*
- Visit uscis.gov/citizenship/testupdates for the name of the President of the United States.
39. What is the name of the Vice President of the United States now?*
- Visit uscis.gov/citizenship/testupdates for the name of the Vice President of the United States.
40. If the president can no longer serve, who becomes president?
- The Vice President (of the United States)
41. Name one power of the president.
- Signs bills into law
- Vetoes bills
- Enforces laws
- Commander in Chief (of the military)
- Chief diplomat
42. Who is Commander in Chief of the U.S. military?
- The President (of the United States)
43. Who signs bills to become laws?
- The President (of the United States)
44. Who vetoes bills?*
- The President (of the United States)
45. Who appoints federal judges?
- The President (of the United States)
46. The executive branch has many parts. Name one.
- President (of the United States)
- Cabinet
- Federal departments and agencies
47. What does the President’s Cabinet do?
- Advises the President (of the United States)
48. What are two Cabinet-level positions?
- Attorney General
- Secretary of Agriculture
- Secretary of Commerce
- Secretary of Defense
- Secretary of Education
- Secretary of Energy
- Secretary of Health and Human Services
- Secretary of Homeland Security
- Secretary of Housing and Urban Development
- Secretary of the Interior
- Secretary of Labor
- Secretary of State
- Secretary of Transportation
- Secretary of the Treasury
- Secretary of Veterans Affairs
- Vice President (of the United States)
49. Why is the Electoral College important?
- It decides who is elected president.
- It provides a compromise between the popular election of the president and congressional selection.
50. What is one part of the judicial branch?
- Supreme Court
- Federal Courts
51. What does the judicial branch do?
- Reviews laws
- Explains laws
- Resolves disputes (disagreements) about the law
- Decides if a law goes against the (U.S.) Constitution
52. What is the highest court in the United States?*
- Supreme Court
53. How many seats are on the Supreme Court?
- Nine (9)
54. How many Supreme Court justices are usually needed to decide a case?
- Five (5)
55. How long do Supreme Court justices serve?
- (For) life
- Lifetime appointment
- (Until) retirement
56. Supreme Court justices serve for life. Why?
- To be independent (of politics)
- To limit outside (political) influence
57. Who is the Chief Justice of the United States now?
- Visit uscis.gov/citizenship/testupdates for the name of the Chief Justice of the United States.
58. Name one power that is only for the federal government.
- Print paper money
- Mint coins
- Declare war
- Create an army
- Make treaties
- Set foreign policy
59. Name one power that is only for the states.
- Provide schooling and education
- Provide protection (police)
- Provide safety (fire departments)
- Give a driver’s license
- Approve zoning and land use
60. What is the purpose of the 10th Amendment?
- (It states that the) powers not given to the federal government belong to the states or to the people.
61. Who is the governor of your state now?*
- Answers will vary. [District of Columbia residents should answer that D.C. does not have a governor.]
62. What is the capital of your state?
- Answers will vary. [District of Columbia residents should answer that D.C. is not a state and does not have a capital. Residents of U.S. territories should name the capital of the territory.]
C: Rights and Responsibilities
63. There are four amendments to the U.S. Constitution about who can vote. Describe one of them.
- Citizens eighteen (18) and older (can vote).
- You don’t have to pay (a poll tax) to vote.
- Any citizen can vote. (Women and men can vote.)
- A male citizen of any race (can vote).
64. Who can vote in federal elections, run for federal office, and serve on a jury in the United States?
- Citizens
- Citizens of the United States
- U.S. citizens
65. What are three rights of everyone living in the United States?
- Freedom of expression
- Freedom of speech
- Freedom of assembly
- Freedom to petition the government
- Freedom of religion
- The right to bear arms
66. What do we show loyalty to when we say the Pledge of Allegiance?*
- The United States
- The flag
67. Name two promises that new citizens make in the Oath of Allegiance.
- Give up loyalty to other countries
- Defend the (U.S.) Constitution
- Obey the laws of the United States
- Serve in the military (if needed)
- Serve (help, do important work for) the nation (if needed)
- Be loyal to the United States
68. How can people become United States citizens?
- Naturalize
- Derive citizenship
- Be born in the United States
- Vote
- Run for office
- Join a political party
- Help with a campaign
- Join a civic group
- Join a community group
- Give an elected official your opinion (on an issue)
- Contact elected officials
- Support or oppose an issue or policy
- Write to a newspaper
- Vote
- Pay taxes
- Obey the law
- Serve in the military
- Run for office
- Work for local, state, or federal government
- Required by law
- All people pay to fund the federal government
- Required by the (U.S.) Constitution (16th Amendment)
- Civic duty
- Required by law
- Civic duty
- Makes the draft fair, if needed
- Freedom
- Political liberty
- Religious freedom
- Economic opportunity
- Escape persecution
- American Indians
- Native Americans
- Africans
- People from Africa
- American Revolution
- The (American) Revolutionary War
- War for (American) Independence
- High taxes
- Taxation without representation
- British soldiers stayed in Americans’ houses (boarding, quartering)
- They did not have self-government
- Boston Massacre
- Boston Tea Party (Tea Act)
- Stamp Act
- Sugar Act
- Townshend Acts
- Intolerable (Coercive) Acts
- (Thomas) Jefferson
- July 4, 1776
- (Battle of) Bunker Hill
- Declaration of Independence
- Washington Crossing the Delaware (Battle of Trenton)
- (Battle of) Saratoga
- Valley Forge (Encampment)
- (Battle of) Yorktown (British surrender at Yorktown)
- New Hampshire
- Massachusetts
- Rhode Island
- Connecticut
- New York
- New Jersey
- Pennsylvania
- Delaware
- Maryland
- Virginia
- North Carolina
- South Carolina
- Georgia
- (U.S.) Constitution
- (James) Madison
- (Alexander) Hamilton
- (John) Jay
- Publius
- They helped people understand the (U.S.) Constitution.
- They supported passing the (U.S.) Constitution.
- Founded the first free public libraries
- First Postmaster General of the United States
- Helped write the Declaration of Independence
- Inventor
- U.S. diplomat
- “Father of Our Country”
- First president of the United States
- General of the Continental Army
- President of the Constitutional Convention
- Writer of the Declaration of Independence
- Third president of the United States
- Doubled the size of the United States (Louisiana Purchase)
- First Secretary of State
- Founded the University of Virginia
- Writer of the Virginia Statute on Religious Freedom
- “Father of the Constitution”
- Fourth president of the United States
- President during the War of 1812
- One of the writers of the Federalist Papers
- First Secretary of the Treasury
- One of the writers of the Federalist Papers
- Helped establish the First Bank of the United States
- Aide to General George Washington
- Member of the Continental Congress
- Louisiana Territory
- Louisiana
- War of 1812
- Mexican-American War
- Civil War
- Spanish-American War
- The Civil War
- (Battle of) Fort Sumter
- Emancipation Proclamation
- (Battle of) Vicksburg
- (Battle of) Gettysburg
- Sherman’s March
- (Surrender at) Appomattox
- (Battle of) Antietam/Sharpsburg
- Lincoln was assassinated.
- Freed the slaves (Emancipation Proclamation)
- Saved (or preserved) the Union
- Led the United States during the Civil War
- 16th president of the United States
- Delivered the Gettysburg Address
- Freed the slaves
- Freed slaves in the Confederacy
- Freed slaves in the Confederate states
- Freed slaves in most Southern states
- The Civil War
- 14th Amendment
- After the Civil War
- During Reconstruction
- (With the) 15th Amendment
- 1870
- Susan B. Anthony
- Elizabeth Cady Stanton
- Sojourner Truth
- Harriet Tubman
- Lucretia Mott
- Lucy Stone
- World War I
- World War II
- Korean War
- Vietnam War
- (Persian) Gulf War
- Because Germany attacked U.S. (civilian) ships
- To support the Allied Powers (England, France, Italy, and Russia)
- To oppose the Central Powers (Germany, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire, and Bulgaria)
- 1920
- After World War I
- (With the) 19th Amendment
- Longest economic recession in modern history
- The Great Crash (1929)
- Stock market crash of 1929
- (Franklin) Roosevelt
- (Bombing of) Pearl Harbor
- Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor
- To support the Allied Powers (England, France, and Russia)
- To oppose the Axis Powers (Germany, Italy, and Japan)
- General during World War II
- President at the end of (during) the Korean War
- 34th president of the United States
- Signed the Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1956 (Created the Interstate System)
- Soviet Union
- USSR
- Russia
- Communism
- Nuclear war
- To stop the spread of communism
- To stop the spread of communism
- Fought to end racial discrimination
- Fought for civil rights
- Worked for equality for all Americans
- Worked to ensure that people would “not be judged by the color of their skin, but by the content of their character”
- To force the Iraqi military from Kuwait
- Terrorists attacked the United States
- Terrorists took over two planes and crashed them into the World Trade Center in New York City
- Terrorists took over a plane and crashed into the Pentagon in Arlington, Virginia
- Terrorists took over a plane originally aimed at Washington, D.C., and crashed in a field in Pennsylvania
- (Global) War on Terror
- War in Afghanistan
- War in Iraq
- Apache
- Blackfeet
- Cayuga
- Cherokee
- Cheyenne
- Chippewa
- Choctaw
- Creek
- Crow
- Hopi
- Huron
- Inupiat
- Lakota
- Mohawk
- Mohegan
- Navajo
- Oneida
- Onondaga
- Pueblo
- Seminole
- Seneca
- Shawnee
- Sioux
- Teton
- Tuscarora
- Light bulb
- Automobile (cars, combustible engine)
- Skyscrapers
- Airplane
- Assembly line
- Landing on the moon
- Integrated circuit (IC)
- Washington, D.C.
- New York (Harbor)
- Liberty Island [Also acceptable are New Jersey, near New York City, and on the Hudson (River).]
- (Because there were) 13 original colonies
- (Because the stripes) represent the original colonies
- (Because there is) one star for each state
- (Because) each star represents a state
- (Because there are) 50 states
- The Star-Spangled Banner
- Out of many, one
- We all become one
- A holiday to celebrate U.S. independence (from Britain)
- The country’s birthday
- New Year’s Day
- Martin Luther King, Jr. Day
- Presidents Day (Washington’s Birthday)
- Memorial Day
- Independence Day
- Labor Day
- Columbus Day
- Veterans Day
- Thanksgiving Day
- Christmas Day
- A holiday to honor soldiers who died in military service
- A holiday to honor people in the (U.S.) military
- A holiday to honor people who have served (in the U.S. military)
69. What are two examples of civic participation in the United States?
70. What is one way Americans can serve their country?
71. Why is it important to pay federal taxes?
72. It is important for all men age 18 through 25 to register for the Selective Service. Name one reason why.
AMERICAN HISTORY
A: Colonial Period and Independence
73. The colonists came to America for many reasons. Name one.
74. Who lived in America before the Europeans arrived?*
75. What group of people was taken and sold as slaves?
76. What war did the Americans fight to win independence from Britain?
77. Name one reason why the Americans declared independence from Britain.
78. Who wrote the Declaration of Independence?*
79. When was the Declaration of Independence adopted?
80. The American Revolution had many important events. Name one.
81. There were 13 original states. Name five.
82. What founding document was written in 1787?
83. The Federalist Papers supported the passage of the U.S. Constitution. Name one of the writers.
84. Why were the Federalist Papers important?
85. Benjamin Franklin is famous for many things. Name one.
86. George Washington is famous for many things. Name one.*
87. Thomas Jefferson is famous for many things. Name one.
88. James Madison is famous for many things. Name one.
89. Alexander Hamilton is famous for many things. Name one.
B: 1800s
90. What territory did the United States buy from France in 1803?
91. Name one war fought by the United States in the 1800s.
92. Name the U.S. war between the North and the South.
93. The Civil War had many important events. Name one.
94. Abraham Lincoln is famous for many things. Name one.*
95. What did the Emancipation Proclamation do?
96. What U.S. war ended slavery?
97. What amendment gives citizenship to all persons born in the United States?
98. When did all men get the right to vote?
99. Name one leader of the women’s rights movement in the 1800s.
C: Recent American History and Other Important Historical Information
100. Name one war fought by the United States in the 1900s.
101. Why did the United States enter World War I?
102. When did all women get the right to vote?
103. What was the Great Depression?
104. When did the Great Depression start?
105. Who was president during the Great Depression and World War II?
106. Why did the United States enter World War II?
107. Dwight Eisenhower is famous for many things. Name one.
108. Who was the United States’ main rival during the Cold War?
109. During the Cold War, what was one main concern of the United States?
110. Why did the United States enter the Korean War?
111. Why did the United States enter the Vietnam War?
112. What did the civil rights movement do?
113. Martin Luther King, Jr. is famous for many things. Name one.*
114. Why did the United States enter the Persian Gulf War?
115. What major event happened on September 11, 2001 in the United States?*
116. Name one U.S. military conflict after the September 11, 2001 attacks.
117. Name one American Indian tribe in the United States.
For a complete list of tribes, please visit bia.gov.
118. Name one example of an American innovation.
SYMBOLS AND HOLIDAYS
A: Symbols
119. What is the capital of the United States?
120. Where is the Statue of Liberty?
121. Why does the flag have 13 stripes?*
122. Why does the flag have 50 stars?
123. What is the name of the national anthem?
124. The Nation’s first motto was “E Pluribus Unum.” What does that mean?
B: Holidays
125. What is Independence Day?
126. Name three national U.S. holidays.*
127. What is Memorial Day?
128. What is Veterans Day?
Por último le recordamos que aunque puede haber respuestas diferentes y correctas, USCIS recomienda que se utilicen las respuestas que aparecen en este cuestionario.
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